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Saturday, February 25, 2012
I. Small Business Lending Data and Research
- Background research on small business lending
- Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Small Business Borrowers Poll: Semi-annual poll on small business lending conducted by the Office of Regional and Community Outreach, published in August 2012
- National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB) Small Business Optimism Index: The NFIB Research Foundation has collected Small Business Economic Trends data with quarterly surveys since 1974 and monthly surveys since 1986. Survey respondents are drawn from NFIB's membership. The report is released on the second Tuesday of each month; the current monthly report as well as historic issues can be downloaded at the above link.
- Data on Small Business Lending and Entrepreneurship: Compilation of select research on small business lending.
- Addressing the Financing Needs of Small Businesses: A summary of Key Themes from the Federal Reserve System’s Small Business Meeting Series. The Federal Reserve System’s Community Affairs Offices hosted more than 40 meetings in 2010 as part of an initiative titled “Addressing the Financing Needs of Small Businesses.” The goal was to gather information and perspectives to help the Federal Reserve and other stakeholders address the immediate and intermediate credit needs of small businesses.
- United States Small Business Friendliness: A 2012 Thumbtack.com Small Business Survey, in partnership with the Kauffman Foundation. This site allows you to search by state and city for other overall small business friendliness across numerous indicators.
- The 2013 State of Entrepreneurship Address: Financing Entrepreneurial Growth: This annual report by the Kauffman Foundation addresses the role of capital in jumpstarting America’s Entrepreneurial Engine and includes policy recommendations for Equity Financing, Debt Financing and Public Markets.
- Regional Federal Reserve Bank’s Community Development Web Sites: This map provides links to the community development groups and research within each of the regional Federal Reserve Banks.
- Deployment Strategies for CDFI Small Business Leaders: This summary details a survey of small business-focused CDFIs on their deployment, marketing, and capitalization strategies.
II. The Process for Innovating New Business
- Step 1: Identifying Trends
- Bureau of Economic Analysis: Provides information on closely watched economic statistics that influence decisions of government officials, business people, and individuals.
- The Ascent of America’s High-Growth Companies: This comprehensive, first-ever analysis of the geography of Inc. 500 firms is presented here in an interactive U.S. map, detailed state-by-state profiles and interactive metro-area charts, and in-depth reports that explore geographic trends of high-growth firms over time, the movements of the founders, and state-by-state profiles.
- Step 2: Identify Small Business Opportunities
III. Market Opportunities and Innovations & Training Materials
IV. Small Business Tools
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- How Entrepreneurs Identify New Business Opportunities: An interview with Raffi Amit, a professor of management at Wharton, who offers insights into how entrepreneurs identify new business opportunities and evaluate their potential and their risks.
- U.S. Chamber of Commerce: The world’s largest business organization with over 3 million members representing businesses of all sizes, sectors, and regions. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce holds an annual"America’s Small Business Summit."
- National Black Chamber of Commerce:
- A non-profit association of African American businesses as well as regional, state, and local chamber of commerce.
- U.S. Woman’s Chamber of Commerce:
- Association aimed at creating economic and leadership opportunities for women through networking and advocacy.
- National Small Business Association:
- Non-partisan association of small businesses with over 65,000 members representing all states and industries. According to website, they are the first small-business advocacy organization.
- Under 30 CEO:
- Under 30 CEO website dedicated to young entrepreneurs features interviews and profiles of up and coming young entrepreneurs and small businesses.
- Social Capital Markets:
- SOCAP is an annual event series that connects leading global innovators – investors, foundations, institutions and social entrepreneurs – to build this market at the intersection of money and meaning.
- Step 3: Market Assessment
- US Chamber of Commerce Small Business Site
- Wisconsin Innovation Service Center:
- WISC specializes in new product and invention assessments and market expansion opportunities for innovative manufacturers, technology businesses, and independent inventors.
- Discover market drivers
- Measure customer satisfaction
- Attract new customers
- Understand competitors
- Assess new product marketability
- Identify licensing potential
- Improve distributor connections
- Urban Land Institute:
- ULI is a non-profit, multidisciplinary real estate forum that facilitates an open discussion of ideas, information, and experience among industry leaders and policy makers. The ULI offers a free resource library that provides market research and information on numerous areas, including real estate, green building, infrastructure, hotels and resorts, and more.
- Census Bureau
- American FactFinder:
- The U.S. Census Bureau maintains local and national information on people, housing, business, and government.
- County Business Patterns:
- North American Industry Classification System provides data on the total number of establishments, employment, first quarter and annual payroll, and number of establishments by nine employment-size classes by detailed industry for all counties in the United States. This is published by the U.S. Census Bureau
- Statistics of U.S. Business, Census Bureau (2009),
- represents statistics for businesses across the U.S. For example, the data includes the number of firms, establishments, and annual payroll by NAICS code (North American Industry Classification System).
- Minneapolis Federal Reserve Community Development Research: This report presents the findings from a biannual survey of community organizations, including developers, lenders, and service providers, that is designed to provide insight on 17 key indicators related to the economic health of low- to moderate-income (LMI) communities.
- Step 4: Assess Capacity
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- Mission/strategy
- Developing the Strategy: Vision, Value Gaps, and Analysis
- – explores the key steps that establish a foundation for formulating strategy, from defining mission, vision, and values to strategic analysis.
- Financial
- Risk Rating Systems for Small Business Community Development Financial Institutions:Introduces a Risk Rating (RR) System, the associated benefits, information on development and validation of a RR system; article is written for a CDFI audience.
- What Investors Want to Know About Your Loan Assets: Provides a checklist of information and analyses to evaluate your loan products and loan portfolio.
- Moody's Biz: Moody’s small business information zone, offering analysis, credit and economic data, credit tools, resources.
- Small Business Portfolio Evaluator from Standard & Poor's: The SBP Evaluator is an analytical model that helps underwriters assesses financial risks of loan portfolios with small business lending concentration. The Fact Sheet provides information on the Evaluator and its two primary capabilities: portfolio-level risk assessment and informed decision-making and other benefits.
- The Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco’s Community Development Investment Review of the Small Business Portfolio Evaluator from Standard & Poor’s:The review provides information on the benefits, limitations, and applications of the SBP Evaluator towards community development lenders.
- Operational
- Mind the talent gap: Key findings from a global executive survey on IT talent: A report providing practical ideas to help organizations understand and manage their IT talent gap in order to enhance talent strategies and program execution. Report includes information from a global survey of IT and business leaders.
- Assessing Credit Risk: A white paper on the current challenges facing the financial sector in credit risk management and the role of enhanced credit monitoring for gaining a competitive advantage.
- Resources for the Chief Operating Officer: Deloitte Resource Bank of articles and thought-ware targeted for the Chief Operating Officer
- Resources for the Chief Risk Officer: Deloitte Resource Bank with articles and thought-ware targeted for the Chief Risk Officer
- Human Capital
- Society for Human Resource Management: The Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) is the world’s largest association devoted to human resource management. The website offers informational articles, as well as templates and tools revolving around human resources.
- SBA - Human Resources: Provides information from the Small Business Administration regarding human resources needs and requirements.
- Under pressure: Compensation and retention during a turbulent economy: This paper investigates how to motivate and retain key talent when a dismal economy is putting pressure on traditional compensation plans. Also provides links to other Deloitte Consulting LLP papers created as part of the Managing Talent in a Turbulent Environment Survey Series.
- How to Build a Competitive Employee Benefits Package: A guide provided by inc.com covering different options for benefits, from healthcare to vacation.
- Small Business: Big Benefits, How Smaller Employers Can Use Voluntary Benefits to Create a Competitive Advantage: This white paper discusses how voluntary benefits can provide benefits to smaller employers.
- The Talent Paradox: A 21st Century talent and leadership agenda: A Deloitte eBook with 13 Deloitte Review articles on the future of talent and career development. This volume provides an introduction and insights into emerging talent issues including Mass Career Customization, the Corporate Lattice, Retention, Global Mobility, Workforce Analytics, Talent and Work, The Growing Diversity of Talent and Consumer Markets and The Aging of the Global Workforce.
- Performance Management Technology: This Deloitte article looks at the decisions involved with investing in performance management technology.
- Performance Management Toolkit: A sample performance management framework from the University of California, Berkeley.
- Managing Risks in Incentive Compensation Plans: This Deloitte white paper focuses on the various short and long term approaches that may assist the companies to reinforce their risk management and incentive compensation. It discusses the three steps that companies should take every fiscal year to keep the incentive compensation plan design in line with the external conditions and company strategy.
- Legal
- SBA's Business Law Guide: This guide provides an overview of common business laws and regulations that currently impact small business. These include licenses and permit requirements, employment and labor laws, tax regulations, advertising law, finance, intellectual property, workplace health and safety, and data privacy laws.
- Business Law, by Industry:
- This is another SBA guide that provides resources, information and guidance for small businesses that operate in specific highly regulated industries.
- Mission/strategy
- Step 5: Mission and Profit Alignment
- Mission Considerations: Lending has many consequences to the local community - some intended and some unintended. This list is meant to provide impact considerations and potential trade-offs for your CDFI to analyze prior to funding a loan
- Measuring Social Impact
- The Triple Bottom Line Tool: A free social impact measurement tool available online. The Triple Bottom Line Tool (TBL Tool) is designed to serve investors, economic development professionals, and decision-makers in the private, public, and non-profit sectors. The TBL Tool has a number of potential applications including for project design, decision making, and justifications.
- Collaborating to Harmonize Standardized Metrics for Impact Investors: This paper highlights the value of standardized social metrics in impact investing. Demonstrating the utility of tools such as IRIS and NCIF’s Social Performance Metrics (SPM) through three investor case studies, the paper also emphasizes the alignment between NCIF SPM and IRIS metrics, serving as a model for broader coordination among standards-setting bodies.
- Global Impact Investing Network (GIIN) Impact Reporting & Investment Standards Performance Metrics: The IRIS metrics are organized in a framework designed to apply across sectors and geographies. Users should browse the categories and sub-categories to identify the set of IRIS metrics that align with their impact objectives. The current version of IRIS is Version 2.2, released in November 2011.
- KL Felicitas Foundation –Case Study of its Adoption of IRIS: This case study provides a model of IRIS adoption by impact investors, the KL Felicitas (KLF) Foundation and the Global Impact Investing Network jointly released this case study which explains KLF's motivation for IRIS adoption and details the Foundation's application of IRIS across its active investment portfolio.
- National Community Investment Fund’s Social Performance Metrics: NCIF's Social Performance MetricsSM combine financial performance data with social performance data to quantitatively identify CDBIs and evaluate them as potential investment prospects. NCIF has calculated the Social Performance Metrics values for every domestic bank and thrift from 1996 to the present, and is able to link this information with each institution’s financial information that is available through the Statistics on Depository Institutions database on www.fdic.gov.
- ISO Social Responsibility Standards: The International Standards Organization (ISO) has developed a set of standards around seven principles of human rights, the environment, fair operating practices, consumer issues, and community involvement and development. The report provides tools to assess these areas on pages 28 and 29.
- ESG ToolKit for Fund Managers A toolkit for building Environmental, Social and Governance Assessment into your Investment Valuation and Management Process.
- CDFI Assessment and Ratings System (CARS)– a rating system tailored to CDFIs which considers both impact performance as well as financial performance.
- Step 6: Assessing the Deal Financials
- Intangible Assets: Recognizing their value: This Deloitte article talks about approaches to valuing intangible assets. CDFI can use this article as a resource when looking to value marketing, contract, and technology-related intangible assets for collateralizing a loan.
- Innovations Journal by MIT Press: SOCAP11 Special Edition: An extensive list of essays by thought leaders of the Impact Investing field including an article by Amit Bouri on "How Standards Emerge: The Role of Investor Leadership in Realizing the Potential of IRIS"
- Impact Investing: An Emerging Asset Class: This is a research note published by J.P. Morgan Global Research and is the result of collaboration between Social Finance at J.P. Morgan and The Rockefeller Foundation, in partnership with the Global Impact Investment Network. This research note asserts that impact investment, which is intended to create positive social or environmental impact beyond financial return, constitutes a new asset class. Impact investing has gained traction among a wide range of investors, including large-scale financial institutions, pension funds, family offices, private wealth managers, foundations, individuals, commercial banks, and development finance institutions.
- Step 7: Make the deal happen
- Goldman Sachs 10,000 Small Businesses Program: This program aims to help small businesses create jobs and economic opportunity by providing greater access to business education, financial capital, and business support services. The program is delivered through partnerships with local community colleges, business schools, CDFIs, and leading non-profit organizations.
- Insights into the Impact Investing Market:This report by JP Morgan and the Global Impact Investment Network provides an in-depth analysis of the investor perspectives and over 2,200 transactions which can be useful to the CDFIs in order to further understand what deals Impact Investors are looking for, representing a new potential source of funding for CDFIs.
- 10 Crowdfunding Websites for Entrepreneurs: This provides a top ten list of crowdfunding websites along with short descriptions.
- Introduction Training Deck
- Introduction Training Source Materials
- Community Staples
- Community Staples Training Deck
- Community Staples Training Source Materials
- Innovation: Franchising
- Franchise Business Economic Outlook: May 2012, IFA: This presents an outlook for the franchise sector, including detailed statistics and projections regarding the U.S. economy.
- Three Franchise Industries to Watch: Entrepreneur’s three franchise industries to watch: quick-services restaurants, personal care, and retail.
- The SBA Franchise Registry is a national online listing of franchise systems whose franchisees receive expedited loan process when applying for financial assistance from the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA). The Registry lists those franchise systems whose franchise agreement has been pre-approved by the SBA, thereby shortening the loan process and ensuring a consistent eligibility decisions.
- Innovation: Affordable Care Act
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- The Commonwealth Fund: Realizing Health Reform’s Potential, How the Affordable Care Act Will Strengthen Primary Care and Benefit Patients, Providers, and Payers >Article written by The Commonwealth Fund that describes how the Affordable Care Act may address the neglect of America’s primary care system and, wherever possible, estimates the potential impact these efforts will have on patients, providers, and payers.
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS): Beyond just Medicare and Medicaid, CMS is responsible for implementing many parts of the Affordable Care Act. CMS provides resources, guides, and sources revolving around the Affordable Care Act.
- For Exchanges, States need ‘navigators’ – and hiring them is a huge task: An article in the Washington Post on the challenges in implementing the ACA Navigators Program.
- Community Exporters
- Community Exporters Training Deck
- Community Exporters Training Source Materials
- Community Exporters Deal Examples
- Training Binder Materials
- Export-Import Bank Small Business Brochure: An overview of Export-Import Bank’s product offerings
- A Basic Guide to Exporting: Provides information on Developing an Exporting Strategy, Going Online E-Exporting Tools for Small Business, Financing Export Transactions, among others
- Additional Market Materials
- 10 Ways to Grow Your Business: Entrepreneur article providing information on how to take your business to the next level. Provides "10 practical ways" to expand.
- Export-Import Bank Small Business Product Selection Guide: A side-by-side overview of the Export-Import Bank’s products for small business.
- Innovation: Small Business Export Credit Insurance Financing
- Export-Import (Ex-Im) Bank of the United States Small Business Website: The Ex-m Bank’s Small business web portal provides information and resources to help increase increasing the number of small businesses exporting goods and services to maintain and create U.S. jobs.
- Private Export Funding Corporation (PEFCO) Small Business Lender Council The PEFCO Small Business Lender Council is a network of lenders that support the small business programs of the Export-Import Bank of the United States (Ex-Im Bank).
- The Emerging Middle Class in Developing Countries: This OECD report examines the emerging reality that developing countries are increasingly becoming the centers of global growth. The report goes on to examine the new consumerism within developing countries as a central driver, and something that is emerging at a scale and timing sufficient to replace the forecast shortfalls in US consumer demand growth.
- Small Businesses Should Focus on Exports: Kathleen Brush, an international business consultant and author of Leadership: Getting Ready for the Latest Global Challenges, explains in her interview with BusinessWeek how U.S. businesses can increase profits by expanding internationally.
- USA Today: Small US Firms make big global sales - This Article discusses the rise of small businesses going "cross-border" in sales, and outlines tips for small businesses thinking of going abroad. These include finding a global shipper who is knowledgeable in documentation and safe transportation of goods and the need for international bankers, accountants, and lawyers to help owners navigate foreign laws and customs. Several companies who have made this successful transition of becoming an "exporter" are cited.
- Small Business Administration: Exporting and Importing: The SBA provides resources for exporting and importing.
- Department of Commerce: Trade Finance Guide: A guide published by the Department of Commerce designed to help U.S. companies, especially small and medium sized enterprises, learn the basic fundamentals of trade finance to turn their export opportunities into actual sales and to achieve the ultimate goal: to get paid for their export sales, especially on time.
- Energy
- Energy Training Deck
- Energy Training Source Materials
- Energy Deal Examples
- Energy Efficiency Financing - Lessons Learned from Craft3: Craft3 is a non-profit CDFI with a mission to strengthen economic, ecological and family resilience in Pacific Northwest communities. They achieve this by providing loans and assistance to entrepreneurs, non-profits, individuals and others, including those who do not normally have access to financing. This presentation provides information on Craft3’s Energy Efficiency Financing Program such as details of their loan products, program outcomes, delivery partners, and loan processing.
- Training Binder Materials
- Measuring the Return on Sustainability Investments - Show me the (Green) Money!: This Deloitte report highlights the importance of Green investments for CFOs of major corporations
- Next City: Home Economics – Working Toward a Retrofitted Nation: Article about energy efficiency improvements and the role that CDFIs can play in this market. Article is focused on using retrofits in homes but this same concept can be applied more broadly to commercial and small business space.
- Case Study of Craft3’s Coastal Energy Project: Provides a summary of the project costs and funding sources for Craft3’s Coastal Energy Project.
- Additional Market Materials
- Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency-DSIRE aggregates all Federal, State, and utility energy incentives. These incentives range from rebates to tax credits, and the website includes all necessary information and link (if on the web and available), including stipulations and end dates for incentives.
- Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)-FERC is the Federal regulator in oil, natural gas, and the electric power.
- Energy Information Administration (EIA): The EIA collects, analyzes, and disseminates independent and impartial energy information to promote sound policymaking, efficient markets, and public understanding of energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment. This the go-to site to learn more about the energy industry and monitor energy trends.
- Small Business Opportunity Tool from the Department of Energy-a tool provided by the DOE
- State Regulator– Regulations in the power sector are primarily driven at the State level, rather than Federal level. Refer to your state Public Utility Commission (PUC) for information regarding regulations in your state.
- Geothermal Heat Pumps: Short video from energy.gov that shows how geothermal heat pumps heat and cool buildings, through a process of utilizing the naturally existing heat contained in the ground.
- Federal Finance Facilities Available for Energy Efficiency Upgrades and Clean Energy Deployment : A guide for state, local, and tribal leaders and their partners.
- Real Estate Restructuring
- Real Estate Restructuring Training Deck
- Real Estate Restructuring Source Materials
- Real Estate Restructuring Deal Examples
- Training Binder Materials
- Addressing Long-Term Vacant Properties to Support Neighborhood Stabilization: Speech by Governor Elizabeth Duke discussing the vacancy rates due to the housing crisis and the effects of high vacancy on neighborhood stability.
- Additional Market Materials
- Commercial Real Estate Outlook: Top Ten Issues in 2012 - A potential pause in recovery momentum: Deloitte LLP paper on the top ten issues in commercial real estate.
- Retail Outlook: Q2 2012, Jones Long LaSalle: Provides an overview of supply and demand conditions, as well as detailed statistics and brief analyses of select retail markets in the United States. The information discusses real estate market trends for both investors and occupiers.
- Expectations & Market Realities in Real Estate 2012: New Foundations in an Uncertain World: Annual outlook report issued by Deloitte Development LLC, Real Estate Research Corporation, and the National Association of Realtors
- The cost of blight: vacant and abandoned properties: A look of at the effects of vacancies and abandonment on neighborhoods and communities.
- Closing America’s Infrastructure Gap: The Role of Public-Private Partnerships: A Deloitte Research Study on Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) that discusses the trends, the PPP Maturity Model, Benefits of PPP, etc.
- Innovation: Sale-Leaseback with Purchase Option
- Sale-Leaseback Transactions: A Financing Alternative for Middle Market Companies: Write-up describes sale-leasebacks, their benefits, and how they can be implemented into middle market companies.
- Other financial institutions operate sale-leaseback programs, CDFIs can access these websites to gain information on similar programs:
- Cole Real Estate Investments, Sale-Leaseback Transactions: Provides information on sale-leaseback and their typical transaction terms, as well as potential benefits from the viewpoint of Cole Real Estate Investments.
- Horn Capital, Sale Leaseback Financing Blog Entries: Horn Capital blog on Sale Leaseback Financing provides information on the types of financing, what businesses should consider this financing, and what properties are most suitable for this financing. This is written from the perspective of Horn Capital.
- Growth Financing
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- Growth Financing Training Deck
- Growth Financing Training Source Materials
- Additional Material
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- Royalty Financing: This article explains the features associated with growth equity financing. Specifically, distinguish the differences between royalty financing and loan or equity financing. Furthermore, there is a common example of the financing structure and timeline "This gave the owners the time they needed to put the capital to work and start producing sales."
- An Alternative Financing Option for Start-ups: This article illustrates the profile of the perfect candidate for royalty financing. Along with identifying the pros and cons of the conventional financing options.
- Venture Capital Glossary: Glossary of common venture capital terms.
- Resources for High Growth Potential Entrepreneurs: From practical hands-on lessons in business development to a vast array of reliable online resources, the Kauffman Foundation has programs and networks for passionate entrepreneurs.
- Visualizing America’s New Immigrant Entrepreneurs: ;An infographic which demonstrates the high rate of entrepreneurship of immigrants in growth industries.
- Domestic Innovation: “Vested for Growth” New Hampshire Community Loan Fund
- http://www.vestedforgrowth.com/financing-options/deal-scenarios.aspx)
- High-Risk Loans – From a Nonprofit:This article is a real-life example how Vested for Growth is filling in the capital gap. This story indicates "Good growth plans don't always fit with bankable debt or equity,"…."We're keeping good growth plans from being shelved."
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- Operational Infrastructure/Shared Services
- Operational Training Deck
- Operational Training Source Materials
- Training Binder Materials
- Getting the retained organization right: The other half of the shared services battle – A paper that focuses on optimizing the services retained when establishing shared serves.
- Which is better: outsourcing or shared services?: A paper that outlines the issues at hand when determining whether to outsource for services, or establish a shared-services center.
- Additional Materials
- Basics of Organizing a Shared-Services Cooperative, USDA,
- A Share Services Center Roadmap: Exploring the power, benefits, and challenges of implementing shared service centers
- Vital Steps – A cooperative feasibility study guide– This guide provides rural residents with information about cooperative development feasibility studies. It defines the feasibility study and discusses their necessity and limitations. First steps in feasibility study development are described and key actions, including important components of a comprehensive study, are detailed. Also offered are criteria for selecting and working with consultants, information for developing assumptions, and study assessment factors.
- Shared Services – Deloitte Case Study: A large non-profit relief organization with hundreds of local chapters throughout the United States wanted to reduce costs and improve standardization and control across the enterprise. Deloitte helped them in their efforts to design and implement major improvements in a variety of areas, including employee benefits, sourcing and shared services. The result? Tens of millions in annual cost savings - money that could be redirected from administrative needs to helping more people and better serving the community.
- 2011 Deloitte Global Shared Services Survey Results: The goal of the survey is to provide insight to organizations across industry regardless of where they are in in the process of integrating shared services.
- Small Business Toolkit: This toolkit developed by the IFC and IBM provides business information, tools, and training services usually reserved for Fortune 1000 companies, but aimed specifically for small business owners in emerging markets as well as women, Black, Hispanic, Native American, and Asian entrepreneurs in the U.S.
- Starting and Managing a Business: The Small Business Administration provides resources in starting and maintaining a small business, from how to write business plans to finding loans and new training.
- U.S. Chamber of Commerce Small Business Toolkit: As part of the "Small Business Nation," the U.S. Chamber of Commerce provides tool kits for small business on topics such as printing and shipping, purchasing and inventory, online solutions, sales and marketing, etc.
- How Cloud Computing Can Cut Costs For Your Small Business: Article from Under 30 CEO on how cloud computing can cut costs.
- Cloud Services for small businesses: Article from PCMag that provides information on various cloud-computing services for small businesses.
- Accounting Tools to Help a Growing Business: Provides listing of potential accounting tools including links to the tools and overviews of each one.
- SCORE: Website provides free templates and tools to support small business
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- Step 1: Identifying Trends
The compilation of these documents and links was funded by the CDFI Fund, under Contract TPD-CDF-10-C-0007, Task Order 0003. The curriculum and opinions expressed in these documents and links are those of the authors, who are solely responsible for the content, and do not reflect the opinions of the CDFI Fund, Deloitte, or any other person, entity, or organization. Deloitte is not, by means of this providing this information, rendering accounting, business, financial, investment, legal, tax, or other professional advice or services. Nor does Deloitte endorse or make any representations regarding the suitability of any particular product or service that may be referenced herein. These reference materials are not a substitute for such professional advice or services, nor should it be used as a basis for any decision or action that may affect your business. Before making any decision or taking any action that may affect your business, you should consult a qualified professional advisor. Deloitte shall not be responsible for any loss sustained by any person who relies on these training materials or documents.